海南热带山地雨林森林循环不同阶段光、温环境的测定与分析

摘　要：以海南岛典型的热带山地雨林为对象,测定了森林循环不同阶段林分斑块内的光照、空气温度以及土壤不同层次内的温度因子,分析了其日变化规律,讨论了森林群落内环境因子异质性对群落内物种共存和多样性维持的意义.海南岛热带山地雨林森林循环不同阶段斑块内光照与温度的日变化规律不同.林隙阶段内光照的强度及其变动幅度都远大于其它3个阶段,而且林隙内不同部位光照的日变化规律也存在着明显的差异.森林循环各阶段斑块内光照强度及其变动幅度的大小顺序为林隙阶段(G)＞衰退阶段(D)＞建立阶段(B)≥成熟阶段(M).不同斑块之间的气温基本上呈现出M＞B＞D＞G的总趋势.不同阶段斑块内土壤表面温差变动幅度的大小顺序为G＞D＞B＞M.不同阶段斑块类型在土壤不同层次中温度的日变化不同,但各类型斑块在同一时刻同一土壤层次内的温度差异大都不超过1℃.森林循环不同阶段斑块内环境因子的时空差异,为不同生态特性树种在群落中的共存奠定了基础.
关键词：森林循环, 环境因子, 小气候, 物种多样性, 热带雨林
分类号：S718.5　文献标识码：A

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