云南3-蒈烯资源的调查研究

耿树香,  尹晓兵,  郑 畹,  武 力

（云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650204）
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摘 要： 对云南德宏高含量3-蒈烯思茅松资源调查表明，其林分松脂的3-蒈烯含量为8.52 %～20.11 %,平均含量为19.50%；单株3-蒈烯含量最大值为25.33 %, 高于高山松10.33 %；产品松节油中3-蒈烯含量达11 %以上； 德宏的梁河与潞西林分的3-蒈烯含量平均值分别为8.52 %、20.11 %，3-蒈烯在松节油中的含量的平均值分别为19.47 %和34.88 %；以单株为对象，3-蒈烯最大含量和3-蒈烯在松节油中的含量的最大值分别是27.50%和44.99 %。而其他地区思茅松松脂中3-蒈烯含量则较低，云南松松脂的3-蒈烯含量也相对较低。对这一已成规模的高含量3-蒈烯资源，建议重视开发利用。
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关键词： 思茅松；云南松；松脂；3-蒈烯；松节油
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中图分类号：TQ351.471      文献标识码：A      文章编号：0253-2417(2006)04-0057-04

Investigation on  Oleoresin Resource of 3­Carene in Yunnan Province

GENG Shu­xiang， YIN Xiao­bing,  ZHENG Wan,  WU Li

(Yunnan Academy Science of Forestry, Kunming 650204, China )

Abstract: Study on the chemical characteristics of oleoresins from Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis in Dehong of Yunnan was carried out by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.Contents of 3­carene in oleoresin are as high as 8.52 %-20.11%,averaging 19.50%. The content of 3­carene in oleoresin from one pine is as high as 25.33 %,or 10.33 % higher than that from P.densata oleoresin;The contents of 3­carene in turpentine  are over 11 %; The contents of 3­carene in oleoresin from Luxi and Lianghe of Yunnan  are 8.52 % and 20.11 % respectively and 3­carene contents in turpentine are 19.47 % and 34.88 % respectively.The maximum 3­carene contents in oleoresin and turpentine are 27.50% and 44.99 % respectively from one tree. However, 3­carene contents are low in oleoresins of P. kesiya var. langbianensis and P. yunnanensis Franch.The resource of oleoresin from P. kesiya var.langbianensis has been exploited on a large scale.Attentions should be paid to the exploitation of P. kesiya var.langbianensis.
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Key words:  Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis;P.yunnanensis Franch;oleoresin;
3­carene;turpentine